The authors introduce the special section on the topic of the application of critical realism theory to information systems (IS) research. An overview is presented of the basic concepts of critical realism, such as retroduction, agency, and reflexivity. They explore several articles within the issue, including "Technological Objects, Social Positions, and the Transformational Model of Social Activity," by P. Faulkner and J. Runde, "Methodological Implications of Critical Realism for Mixed-Methods Research," by M. Zachariadis, S. Scott, and M. Barrett, and "Explaining Broadband Adoption in Rural Australia: Modes of Reflexivity and the Morphogenetic Approach," by P. Dobson, P. Jackson, and D. Gengatharen.